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由于SSClient使用了流套接字,所以服务程序也要使用流套接字。 这就要创建一个ServerSocket对象,ServerSocket有几个构造函数,最简单的是ServerSocket(int port),当使用ServerSocket(int port)创建一个ServerSocket对象,port参数传递端口号,这个端口就是服务器监听连接请求的端口,如果在这时出现错误将抛出IOException异常对象,否则将创建ServerSocket对象并开始准备接收连接请求。
 接下来服务程序进入无限循环之中,无限循环从调用ServerSocket的accept()方法开始,在调用开始后accept()方法将导致调用线程阻塞直到连接建立。在建立连接后accept()返回一个最近创建的Socket对象,该Socket对象绑定了客户程序的IP地址或端口号。
 由于存在单个服务程序与多个客户程序通讯的可能,所以服务程序响应客户程序不应该花很多时间,否则客户程序在得到服务前有可能花很多时间来等待通讯的建立,然而服务程序和客户程序的会话有可能是很长的(这与电话类似),因此为加快对客户程序连接请求的响应,典型的方法是服务器主机运行一个后台线程,这个后台线程处理服务程序和客户程序的通讯。
 为了示范我们在上面谈到的慨念并完成SSClient程序,下面我们创建一个SSServer程序,程序将创建一个ServerSocket对象来监听端口10000的连接请求,如果成功服务程序将等待连接输入,开始一个线程处理连接,并响应来自客户程序的命令。下面就是这段程序的代码:
 
 Listing 3: SSServer.java
 
 
 | [pre]// SSServer.java 
 import java.io.*;
 import java.net.*;
 import java.util.*;
 
 class SSServer
 {
 public static void main (String [] args) throws IOException
 {
 System.out.println ("Server starting...\n");
 
 // Create a server socket that listens for incoming connection
 // requests on port 10000.
 
 ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket (10000);
 
 while (true)
 {
 // Listen for incoming connection requests from client
 // programs, establish a connection, and return a Socket
 // object that redivsents this connection.
 
 Socket s = server.accept ();
 
 System.out.println ("Accepting Connection...\n");
 
 // Start a thread to handle the connection.
 
 new ServerThread (s).start ();
 }
 }
 }
 
 class ServerThread extends Thread
 {
 private Socket s;
 
 ServerThread (Socket s)
 {
 this.s = s;
 }
 
 public void run ()
 {
 BufferedReader br = null;
 PrintWriter pw = null;
 
 try
 {
 // Create an input stream reader that chains to the socket's
 // byte-oriented input stream. The input stream reader
 // converts bytes read from the socket to characters. The
 // conversion is based on the platform's default character
 // set.
 
 InputStreamReader isr;
 isr = new InputStreamReader (s.getInputStream ());
 
 // Create a buffered reader that chains to the input stream
 // reader. The buffered reader supplies a convenient method
 // for reading entire lines of text.
 
 br = new BufferedReader (isr);
 
 // Create a print writer that chains to the socket's byte-
 // oriented output stream. The print writer creates an
 // intermediate output stream writer that converts
 // characters sent to the socket to bytes. The conversion
 // is based on the platform's default character set.
 
 pw = new PrintWriter (s.getOutputStream (), true);
 
 // Create a calendar that makes it possible to obtain date
 // and time information.
 
 Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance ();
 
 // Because the client program may send multiple commands, a
 // loop is required. Keep looping until the client either
 // explicitly requests termination by sending a command
 // beginning with letters BYE or implicitly requests
 // termination by closing its output stream.
 
 do
 {
 // Obtain the client program's next command.
 
 String cmd = br.readLine ();
 
 // Exit if client program has closed its output stream.
 
 if (cmd == null)
 break;
 
 // Convert command to uppercase, for ease of comparison.
 
 cmd = cmd.toUpperCase ();
 
 // If client program sends BYE command, terminate.
 
 if (cmd.startsWith ("BYE"))
 break;
 
 // If client program sends DATE or TIME command, return
 // current date/time to the client program.
 
 if (cmd.startsWith ("DATE") || cmd.startsWith ("TIME"))
 pw.println (c.getTime ().toString ());
 
 // If client program sends DOM (Day Of Month) command,
 // return current day of month to the client program.
 
 if (cmd.startsWith ("DOM"))
 pw.println ("" + c.get (Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH));
 
 // If client program sends DOW (Day Of Week) command,
 // return current weekday (as a string) to the client
 // program.
 
 if (cmd.startsWith ("DOW"))
 switch (c.get (Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK))
 {
 case Calendar.SUNDAY : pw.println ("SUNDAY");
 break;
 
 case Calendar.MONDAY : pw.println ("MONDAY");
 break;
 
 case Calendar.TUESDAY : pw.println ("TUESDAY");
 break;
 
 case Calendar.WEDNESDAY: pw.println ("WEDNESDAY");
 break;
 
 case Calendar.THURSDAY : pw.println ("THURSDAY");
 break;
 
 case Calendar.FRIDAY : pw.println ("FRIDAY");
 break;
 
 case Calendar.SATURDAY : pw.println ("SATURDAY");
 }
 
 // If client program sends DOY (Day of Year) command,
 // return current day of year to the client program.
 
 if (cmd.startsWith ("DOY"))
 pw.println ("" + c.get (Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR));
 
 // If client program sends PAUSE command, sleep for three
 // seconds.
 
 if (cmd.startsWith ("
  AUSE")) try
 {
 Thread.sleep (3000);
 }
 catch (InterruptedException e)
 {
 }
 }
 while (true);
 {
 catch (IOException e)
 {
 System.out.println (e.toString ());
 }
 finally
 {
 System.out.println ("Closing Connection...\n");
 try
 {
 if (br != null)
 br.close ();
 
 if (pw != null)
 pw.close ();
 
 if (s != null)
 s.close ();
 }
 catch (IOException e)
 {
 }
 }
 }
 }[/pre]
 | 
 
 
 运行这段程序将得到下面的输出:
 Server starting...
 Accepting Connection...
 Closing Connection...
 SSServer的源代码声明了一对类:SSServer 和ServerThread;SSServer的main()方法创建了一个ServerSocket对象来监听端口10000上的连接请求,如果成功, SSServer进入一个无限循环中,交替调用ServerSocket的 accept() 方法来等待连接请求,同时启动后台线程处理连接(accept()返回的请求)。线程由ServerThread继承的start()方法开始,并执行ServerThread的run()方法中的代码。
 一旦run()方法运行,线程将创建BufferedReader, PrintWriter和 Calendar对象并进入一个循环,这个循环由读(通过BufferedReader的 readLine())来自客户程序的一行文本开始,文本(命令)存储在cmd引用的string对象中,如果客户程序过早的关闭输出流,会发生什么呢?答案是:cmd将得不到赋值。
 注意必须考虑到这种情况:在服务程序正在读输入流时,客户程序关闭了输出流,如果没有对这种情况进行处理,那么程序将产生异常。
 一旦编译了SSServer的源代码,通过输入Java SSServer来运行程序,在开始运行SSServer后,就可以运行一个或多个SSClient程序。
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