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最大字串问题描述大概就是给定2个字符串,找出他们两个共有的最长子字符串。比如一个是"tabcfg"另外一个"abckj"那么最大子串就是"abc".
动态规划算法最重要的就是分解问题,找出递归。说一下我的思考思路,首先拿到2个字符串,如何找到最长子串呢?
1.假设他们(字符串a,b)的头字母不相同的话,那么分别去掉首字母比较,也就是说用a.subString(1)和b比较,用b.subString(1)和a比较,最长子字符串没变吧?答案是肯定的。ok递归出现了,结束条件就是有一个字符串变空,返回值就是a和b的最长子串。
2.假设他们头字母相同,那么一直比较下去,直到两者的第n个字母不相同,然后把前n-1个字母存为子字符串c,把a.subString(1)和b的比较结果记为d,b.subString(1)和a比较结果记为e,那么返回c,d和e最长的一个
程序运行结果:
c:\java\java CompareStr
最大字串有:
5246
fghj
asdf
[pre]import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map; /*** @author HEACK**/public class CompareStr { public static void main(String[] args) { String str1 = "asdfxfghj5246"; String str2 = "fghjxasdf6743575246"; CompareStr cj = new CompareStr(); String longestStr=cj.getLongestString(str1,str2); System.out.println("最长子串有:\n\r"+longestStr); int n=longestStr.length(); str1=str1.replaceAll(longestStr, "_"); str2=str2.replaceAll(longestStr,"_"); longestStr=cj.getLongestString(str1,str2); int m=longestStr.length(); while(m==n){ System.out.println(longestStr); str1=str1.replaceAll(longestStr, "_"); str2=str2.replaceAll(longestStr,"_"); longestStr=cj.getLongestString(str1,str2); m=longestStr.length(); } } private boolean isEmpty(String str) { return str == null || str.trim().length() == 0; } private Map map = new HashMap(); private String getLongestString(String str1, String str2) { if (isEmpty(str1) || isEmpty(str2)) { return ""; } StringBuffer key = new StringBuffer(); key.append(str1).append("&&").append(str2); if (map.containsKey(key.toString())) { return (String)map.get(key.toString()); } StringBuffer longestStr = new StringBuffer(); char[] str1List = str1.toCharArray(); char[] str2List = str2.toCharArray(); int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < str1List.length && i < str2List.length; i++) { if (str1List == str2List) { longestStr.append(str1List); } else { break; } } String subStr1 = str1.substring(i); String subStr2 = str2.substring(i); if (i == 0) { String retStr1 = getLongestString(subStr1.substring(1), subStr2); String retStr2 = getLongestString(subStr1, subStr2.substring(1)); String returnStr = retStr1.length() >= retStr2.length() ? retStr1 : retStr2; map.put(key.toString(), returnStr); return returnStr; } else { String retStr1 = getLongestString(str1.substring(1), str2); String retStr2 = getLongestString(str1, str2.substring(1)); String retStr = retStr1.length() > retStr2.length() ? retStr1 : retStr2; String returnStr = retStr.length() >= longestStr.toString().length() ? retStr : longestStr.toString(); map.put(key.toString(), returnStr); return returnStr; } } }[/pre] |
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