Go语言视频零基础入门到精通

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一. 用ffmpeg播放


ffserver


它有两个参数需要注意


-d --> enalbe debug mode


-f --> 指定配置文件的路径,如果没有-f参数则默认是/etc/ffserver.conf


1. ffmpeg编译完成后会生成


ffserver


ffmpeg


ffplay




ffserver.conf文件(ffmpeg源码下的doc目录中有ffserver.conf里面有详细解析)



  
   HTTPPort 8091

   HTTPBindAddress 0.0.0.0

   MaxClients 10

   MaxBandwidth 50000

   <Feed feed1.ffm>

   file /tmp/feed1.ffm                 -->缓冲文件的路径是/tmp/feed1.ffm

   FileMaxSize 10M                     -->缓冲文件最大是10M

   </Feed>

   

   <Stream feed1.mjpeg>

   Feed feed1.ffm

   Format mjpeg

   VideoSize 640x480

   VideoFrameRate 10

   VideoBitRate 2000

   VideoQMin 1

   VideoQMax 10

   </Stream>
  





2. 运行结果


2.1 首先运行server端



  
   cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/out/bin$ ./ffserver -d -f ./ffserver.conf

   ffserver version 2.7.2 Copyright (c) 2000-2015 the FFmpeg developers

     built with gcc 4.8 (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1)

     configuration: --enable-shared --prefix=../out

     libavutil 54. 27.100 / 54. 27.100

     libavcodec 56. 41.100 / 56. 41.100

     libavformat 56. 36.100 / 56. 36.100

     libavdevice 56. 4.100 / 56. 4.100

     libavfilter 5. 16.101 / 5. 16.101

     libswscale 3. 1.101 / 3. 1.101

     libswresample 1. 2.100 / 1. 2.100

   ./ffserver.conf:19: Setting default value for video bit rate tolerance = 500000. Use NoDefaults to disable it.

   ./ffserver.conf:19: Setting default value for video rate control equation = tex^qComp. Use NoDefaults to disable it.

   ./ffserver.conf:19: Setting default value for video max rate = 4000000. Use NoDefaults to disable it.

   ./ffserver.conf:19: Setting default value for video buffer size = 4000000. Use NoDefaults to disable it.

   ./ffserver.conf:50: Setting default value for video bit rate tolerance = 75000. Use NoDefaults to disable it.

   ./ffserver.conf:50: Setting default value for video rate control equation = tex^qComp. Use NoDefaults to disable it.

   ./ffserver.conf:50: Setting default value for video max rate = 600000. Use NoDefaults to disable it.

   ./ffserver.conf:50: Setting default value for video buffer size = 600000. Use NoDefaults to disable it.

   Mon Sep 14 18:18:38 2015 Deleting feed file "/tmp/feed1.ffm" as stream counts differ (3 != 2)

   Mon Sep 14 18:18:38 2015 FFserver started.

   Mon Sep 14 18:18:51 2015 127.0.0.1 - - New connection: POST /feed1.ffm

   Mon Sep 14 18:18:53 2015 127.0.0.1 - - [POST] "/feed1.ffm HTTP/1.1" 200 671744
  

2.2 然后在另一个终端运行ffmpeg


ffmpeg用来把本地摄像头中的数据转为feed1.ffm缓存起来



  
   cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/out/bin$ ./ffmpeg -v verbose -r 5 -s 640x480 -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 http://localhost:8091/feed1.ffm

   ffmpeg version 2.7.2 Copyright (c) 2000-2015 the FFmpeg developers

     built with gcc 4.8 (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1)

     configuration: --enable-shared --prefix=../out

     libavutil 54. 27.100 / 54. 27.100

     libavcodec 56. 41.100 / 56. 41.100

     libavformat 56. 36.100 / 56. 36.100

     libavdevice 56. 4.100 / 56. 4.100

     libavfilter 5. 16.101 / 5. 16.101

     libswscale 3. 1.101 / 3. 1.101

     libswresample 1. 2.100 / 1. 2.100

   [video4linux2,v4l2 @ 0x115f180] fd:3 capabilities:84000001

   Input #0, video4linux2,v4l2, from "/dev/video0":

     Duration: N/A, start: 30290.856550, bitrate: 24576 kb/s

       Stream #0:0: Video: rawvideo, 1 reference frame (YUY2 / 0x32595559), yuyv422, 640x480, 24576 kb/s, 5 fps, 5 tbr, 1000k tbn, 1000k tbc

   [tcp @ 0x11641e0] Connection to tcp://localhost:8091 failed (Connection refused), trying next address

   [tcp @ 0x116c6a0] Connection to tcp://localhost:8091 failed (Connection refused), trying next address

   [graph 0 input from stream 0:0 @ 0x1154680] w:640 h:480 pixfmt:yuyv422 tb:1/5 fr:5/1 sar:0/1 sws_param:flags=2

   [scaler for output stream 0:0 @ 0x1165b60] w:640 h:480 flags:"0x4" interl:0

   [graph 0 input from stream 0:0 @ 0x1154680] TB:0.200000 FRAME_RATE:5.000000 SAMPLE_RATE:nan

   [swscaler @ 0x1141040] deprecated pixel format used, make sure you did set range correctly

   [scaler for output stream 0:0 @ 0x1165b60] w:640 h:480 fmt:yuyv422 sar:0/1 -> w:640 h:480 fmt:yuvj422p sar:0/1 flags:0x4

   [graph 1 input from stream 0:0 @ 0x1156a80] w:640 h:480 pixfmt:yuyv422 tb:1/5 fr:5/1 sar:0/1 sws_param:flags=2

   [scaler for output stream 0:1 @ 0x1157b00] w:640 h:480 flags:"0x4" interl:0

   [graph 1 input from stream 0:0 @ 0x1156a80] TB:0.200000 FRAME_RATE:5.000000 SAMPLE_RATE:nan

   [scaler for output stream 0:1 @ 0x1157b00] w:640 h:480 fmt:yuyv422 sar:0/1 -> w:640 h:480 fmt:yuv420p sar:0/1 flags:0x4

   Output #0, ffm, to "http://localhost:8091/feed1.ffm":

     Metadata:

       creation_time : now

       encoder : Lavf56.36.100

       Stream #0:0: Video: mjpeg, 1 reference frame, yuvj422p(pc), 640x480, q=1-10, 2000 kb/s, 5 fps, 1000k tbn, 10 tbc

       Metadata:

         encoder : Lavc56.41.100 mjpeg

       Stream #0:1: Video: mpeg4, 1 reference frame, yuv420p, 640x480, q=2-51, 300 kb/s, 5 fps, 1000k tbn, 24 tbc

       Metadata:

         encoder : Lavc56.41.100 mpeg4

   Stream mapping:

     Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (rawvideo (native) -> mjpeg (native))

     Stream #0:0 -> #0:1 (rawvideo (native) -> mpeg4 (native))

   Press [q] to stop, [?] for help

   *** 1

   *** 4

   *** 1

   *** 4

   *** 1

   *** 4

   frame= 6 fps=0.0 q=1.6 Lq=12.8 size= 216kB time=00:00:00.62 bitrate=2831.2kbits/s dup=15 drop=0

   video:210kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 2.969670%

   Input file #0 (/dev/video0):

     Input stream #0:0 (video): 3 packets read (1843200 bytes); 3 frames decoded;

     Total: 3 packets (1843200 bytes) demuxed

   Output file #0 (http://localhost:8091/feed1.ffm):

     Output stream #0:0 (video): 6 frames encoded; 6 packets muxed (181221 bytes);

     Output stream #0:1 (video): 15 frames encoded; 15 packets muxed (33584 bytes);

     Total: 21 packets (214805 bytes) muxed

   Received signal 2: terminating.
  

2.3 查看


这样在/tmp目录下就会生与一个feed1.ffm作为缓冲文件



  
   cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/out/bin$ ls -l /tmp/feed1.ffm

   -rw-rw-r-- 1 cong cong 888832 Sep 14 18:24 /tmp/feed1.ffm
  

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二. 实时流媒体的播放rtsp


1. 修改ffserver的配置ffserver.conf



  
   HTTPPort 8091

   RTSPPort 5454                     -->这儿添加了rtsp的port

   HTTPBindAddress 0.0.0.0

   MaxClients 10

   MaxBandwidth 50000

   <Feed feed1.ffm>

   file /tmp/feed1.ffm

   FileMaxSize 10M

   </Feed>

   

   <Stream feed1.mjpeg>

   Feed feed1.ffm

   Format mjpeg

   VideoSize 640x480

   VideoFrameRate 10

   VideoBitRate 2000

   VideoQMin 1

   VideoQMax 10

   </Stream>

   

   

   <Stream live.h264>                -->rtsp的配置

   Format rtp

   Feed feed1.ffm

   #VideoCodec libx264

   VideoFrameRate 24

   VideoBitRate 300

   #VideoSize 480x272

   VideoSize 640x480

   #AVPresetVideo default

   #AVPresetVideo superfast

   AVOptionVideo flags +global_header

   

   PixelFormat yuv420p

   AVOptionVideo me_range 4

   AVOptionVideo qdiff 4

   AVOptionVideo qmin 2

   AVOptionVideo qmax 51

   

   #MulticastAddress 224.124.0.1

   #MulticastPort 5000

   #MulticastTTL 1

   

     

   NoAudio

   #AudioCodec libfaac

   #AudioBitRate 32

   #AudioChannels 2

   #AudioSampleRate 22050

   #AVOptionAudio flags +global_header

   </Stream>
  

2. 运行



  
   a.开启server

   cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/out/bin$ ./ffserver -d -f ./ffserver.conf

   b.开启ffmpeg

   cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/out/bin$ ./ffmpeg -v verbose -r 5 -s 640x480 -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 http://localhost:8091/feed1.ffm

   c.本地用ffplay播放

   cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/out/bin$ ./ffplay rtsp://localhost:5454/live.h264
  

如果没有问题,则ffplay就会播放出摄像头的影像。

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三.顺序流媒体的播放


上面的RTSP是实时的,类似于网络视频聊天,而这个顺序流媒体即看网络电影


3.1 ffserver.conf



  
   <Stream test.mpg>         --> 这个针对于mpg格式

   File /tmp/minzu.mpg       --> ffmpeg源码目录下的doc/ffserver.conf中对Format参数的说明:

   Format mpeg               --> mpeg: MPEG-1 multiplexed video and audio

   </Stream>

   

   <Stream test.avi>        -->这个针对于avi格式

   File /tmp/minzu.avi

   Format avi               -->avi: AVI format (MPEG-4 video, MPEG audio sound)

   </Stream>               

  

完整的ffserver.conf如下:



  
   cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/ffmpeg-2.7.2$ cat ffserver.conf

   HTTPPort 8091

   HTTPBindAddress 0.0.0.0

   MaxClients 10

   MaxBandwidth 50000

   

   <Stream test.mpg>

   File /tmp/minzu.mpg

   Format mpeg

   </Stream>

   

   <Stream test.avi>

   File /tmp/minzu.avi

   Format avi

   </Stream>
  



3.2 视频文件的格式



  
   cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/ffmpeg-2.7.2$ ./ffplay /tmp/minzu.mpg

       Stream #0:0[0x1e0]: Video: mpeg2video (Main), yuv420p(tv), 640x360 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], max. 2516 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbr, 90k tbn, 50 tbc

       Stream #0:1[0x1c0]: Audio: mp2, 44100 Hz, stereo, s16p, 224 kb/s

   

   cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/ffmpeg-2.7.2$ ./ffplay /tmp/minzu.avi

       Stream #0:0: Video: mpeg4 (Advanced Simple Profile) (XVID / 0x44495658), yuv420p, 640x360 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 1511 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbr, 25 tbn, 25 tbc

       Stream #0:1: Audio: mp3 (U[0][0][0] / 0x0055), 44100 Hz, stereo, s16p, 224 kb/s
  

3.3 播放测试


cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/ffmpeg-2.7.2$ ./ffplay http://192.168.4.11:8091/test.mpg


cong@msi:/work/ffmpeg/ffmpeg-2.7.2$ ./ffplay http://192.168.4.11:8091/test.avi


上面两个播放分别都可以看到视频并听到声音


注意:


     ffserver.conf中的配置一定要与要播放的视频格式相对应

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参考文章


How To : Stream A Webcam From The Raspberry Pi


http://sirlagz.net/2012/08/04/how-to-stream-a-webcam-from-the-raspberry-pi/


ffmpeg+ffserver搭建流媒体服务器


http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-9688646-id-3399113.HTML


基于ffmpeg的流媒体服务器


http://www.cnblogs.com/lidabo/p/3701071.html